The poor waste management is associated with increased health problems ranging from epidemics of vectorborne or foodborne diseases to the adverse effects due to contamination of groundwater. Effects of inappropriate solid waste management prac. The rapid growth of lusaka, however, began in earnest in 1931, when it was designated as the new capital or principal administrative centre of northern rhodesia, as zambia was then called. In this paper are presented the first results of a work conducted in collaboration with nonprofit ngo.
Before introducing the process, however, lets start with a discussion of the material being managedsolid waste. Bad waste management practices can result in land and air pollution and can cause respiratory problems and other adverse health effects as contaminants are absorbed from the lungs into other parts of the body. Pilot project of waste management in zambia procedia. Assessment of waste management practices among residents of. Study session 2 the effects of poor sanitation and waste. Defra commissioned this report in response to that recommendation. The report examines the waste management options for treating municipal solid and similar waste. Solid waste management in african cities east africa. Its selection as the new capital was due to its central location on the main northsouth axis of the railway line.
Imagine we all throw garbage, junk and rubbish away anyhow. The major risks associated with poor management of solid waste include the spread of diseases, overall environment pollution air, water, soil including emission of greenhouse gases, effects on other infrastructure, and physical, chemical, and fire and explosion hazards. Municipal waste, solid waste, household waste, ndola, waste management, waste disposal introduction solid waste is defined as the waste arising from human and animal activities that are normally solid and that are discarded as useless or unwanted 1. Essay on solid waste causes, effects and solid waste. Waste generation a major part of msw generated is contributed by households. The world bank s waste management engagement spans multiple development areas, including energy, environmental sustainability, food and agriculture, health and population, social protection, transportation, urban development. The earlier definitions gave importance to the operational. A research study was carried out between october 2012 and june 20 for 32 urban councils of zimbabwe.
Hence, solid waste management reduces or controls the solid waste pollution and its hazardous effects. Pdf the causes and effects of waste disposal on the school. Solid waste management is a polite term for garbage management. Improper disposal of municipal solid waste can create unsanitary conditions, pollution, and outbreaks of disease. The results further indicated that it is feasible to adopt a site waste management plan in the. Solid waste management is a global issue that is a growing source of concern in developed and developing countries due to increase urbanization. Chapter 7 solid waste management solid waste refers here to all nonliquid wastes. I would like you to be part of this research by consenting to provide information which will be useful for data. This will enhance waste reduction, recycling, transportation.
Imagine there was no authority to supervise waste management activities from all the sources mentioned earlier. In order to manage waste, the environmental protection agency epa and the solid waste act favor an integrated solid waste man. This is consistent with operational safeguards 4 on pollution prevention and hazardous waste which is triggered in this program. Solid wastes, when improperly disposed off can be an environmental hazard in that the surrounding environment as well as the fish are affected. Oct 11, 2019 solid waste management is an essential service in any society. This national solid waste management strategy nswms is a vital document that proposes integrated approaches to addressing the problem of poor solid waste management, which has had over the years far reaching effects on both human health and also the environment. Significant relationships were observed between respondents sex, age and social class and their level of awareness, knowledge and practices of solid waste.
In general this does not include excreta, although sometimes nappies and the faeces of young children may be mixed with solid waste. Characteristics of domestic refuse in lusaka characteristics high medium low cyti density density density average paper and. The infected water supply also leads to large scale epidemics. The process of transportation, storage, collection and processing of solid waste in a protective and economic manner is termed as solid waste management. Characteristics of domestic refuse in lusaka characteristics high medium low cyti density density density average paper. A ghanaian study about attitude towards recycling and waste management showed no. Poor management of the collection and disposal of solid waste may lead to.
Solid waste management swm as a concept has evolved over a period of time. Waste management in urban centres of east africa has for a long time been centralised liyala 2011, with the useof imported refuse truck rotich et al. The first cause of poor waste management is financial shortage. Additionally, the zambia environment management agency zema and the local authorities are supposed to implement the law on solid waste management. Imagine we all just sent our rubbish to the landfill, or just dumped them in a nearby river.
This study will be conducted in kyazanga town council, lwengo district where by the researcher will be seeking to explore the underlying causes of poor waste management in the town council and by the end of it all. Apr 20, 2020 environmental impacts of poor sanitation and waste management at a local level include pollution of land and watercourses, the visual impact of litter, and bad odours. The study showed that the propensity for solid waste management practices differed by background sex, social class and age of residents. Pdf an investigation of waste management practices in. Impact of poor solid waste management on ground water. Issues and challenges of solid waste management practices. The socioeconomic impacts of solid waste management. Strategy for environmental, solid waste management, public health and related areas discuss. Essay on solid waste causes, effects and solid waste management. Literature is generally lacking on solid waste management swm in this country, with the exception for some reports from nairobi unep, 2005. It is one of the most poorly rendered services by municipal authorities in developing countries as the systems applied are unscientific, outdated and in efficient. Pollution is fully covered here liquid that forms as water trickles through contaminated areas is called leachate.
Pdf representing the situation of waste disposal in zambia anand, 2010. A particular focus is given to literature which pertains to the management of municipal solid waste. The hazardous wastes generated by health care facilities are a. Apr 11, 2017 the poor performance of urban councils on solid waste management has a great impact on the quality of scarce surface and groundwater resources, human health and the environment in zimbabwe. Solid waste management challenges for cities in developing. The above steps are followed thoroughly in waste management, its first and foremost priority is waste avoidance by minimizing it. Disposal and management of hazardous waste are worldwide challenges. This has resulted in reduced air and ground water pollution arising from waste. It also helped in finding out the prevailing methods of household waste collection and disposal system adopted by owerri municipal council. Patricia et al 20 pointed out that waste management is one of the major challenges of urban management in sub. Chairman, i wish to reaffirm zambia s commitment to most of the main international conventions on waste management. Impact of solid waste on health and the environment special issue of international journal of sustainable development and green economics ijsdge, issn no 23154721, v2, i1, 2, 20 167 unscientific and ordinary landfilling is the common practice for solid waste disposal in many developing countries 6,7.
Poor management of waste not only leads to declining environ. A global snapshot of solid waste management to 2050 captures the latest trends in waste management. Assessment of the municipal solid waste management practices in juba in order to obtain the quantity and the composition of the municipal solid wastes generated, a household survey was conducted for a period of two month. Managing waste properly and in an environmentally sound way is therefore important for health reasons. Environmental impacts of poor sanitation and waste management at a local level include pollution of land and watercourses, the visual impact of litter, and bad odours. The other major parties who generate wastes are shops, hotels, restaurants, institutions, markets, community halls, hospitals, slaughter houses and construction sites. Poor solid waste management techniques have become the order of things in zimbabwes cities and towns, a major health hazard that has given rise to many diseases outbreaks leading to the. An investigation of waste management practices in the zambian construction industry article pdf available in journal of building construction and planning research 0501. Apr 25, 2017 the possible causes of poor waste management are financial shortage, low public awareness and attitudes and lack of information.
However, the municipal solid waste management still appears. Solid waste characterisation study for the city of kitwe, zambia. Solid waste management, the collecting, treating, and disposing of solid material that is discarded because it has served its purpose or is no longer useful. Risks associated with poor management of solid waste. Effects, challenges and solution to poor domestic waste.
Proper waste management is the set of provisions for the collection, transportation and environmentally sound disposal of waste. Iv of the environmental management act of zambia makes provision for control of pollution land, air and water, ozone depletion, the control of general and hazardous waste and the conduct of eia. For the waste sector in south africa this means care must be given to raw material use, product design, resource efficiency, waste prevention, and minimization where avoidance is impossible. The unhygienic use and disposal of plastics and its effects on human health has become a. One effect of solid waste disposal that is less severe but more familiar to many people is bad smell. Open dumpsite approach as solid waste disposal method is a primitive stage of solid waste management in many parts of the world. The generation of solid waste is on the increase due to rapid rise in population. Solid wastes, when improperly disposed off can be an environmental hazard in that the surrounding environment as. The ecological solid waste management act of the republic of philippines 2000 defines solid waste as all discarded household, commercial waste, nonhazardous institutional and industrial waste, street sweepings, construction debris, agricultural waste and other nonhazardousnontoxic solid waste.
Solid waste management is a challenge for the cities authorities in developing countries mainly due to the increasing generation of waste, the burden posed on the municipal budget as a result of the high costs associated to its management, the lack of understanding over a diversity of factors that affect the different stages of waste. The polythene blocks passage of minerals salts, water and oxygen in the soil and the blocked soil is unable to support any crops. Solid waste can create significant health problems and a very unpleasant living environment if not disposed of safely and. Poor management of the collection and disposal of solid waste may lead to leachate pollution of surface water or groundwater. In terms of components of the solid waste results showed that for moisture the lowest.
Pdf the causes and effects of waste disposal on the. The impact of poor municipal solid waste management. Solid waste management the process of transportation, storage, collection and processing of solid waste in a protective and economic manner is termed as solid waste management. The mismanagement of solid waste also affects the productivity and other infrastructure. In detail, concepts of waste management and major phases. Issues and challenges of solid waste management practices in. The solidwaste regulation and management act, 2018. The zambian government is making strides in waste management such as the building of an engineered landfill in lusaka, the capital city. In new mexico, the legislature passed the solid waste act of 1990, which set a goal of diverting 25% of new mexicos municipal solid waste from landfills by 1995 and 50% by july 1, 2000. Solid waste refers to the range of garbage materialsarising from animal and human activitiesthat are discarded as unwanted and useless. Such poor management of solid waste is a general problem in kenya. This may cause significant problems if the waste contains. Municipal solid waste management solid waste management swm is far from a new phenomenon in india. Factors contributing to indiscriminate dumping of solid waste in bauleni township, lusaka zambia moses sampa research paper undergraduate environmental sciences publish your bachelors or masters thesis, dissertation, term paper or essay.
Conduct the situation analysis needs assessment on impacts of poor management of. Factors contributing to indiscriminate dumping of solid waste in. If at this stage the management and disposal is improperly done, it can cause serious impacts on health and problems to the surrounding environment. Theoretical framework of solid waste management 63 1. Read this article to learn about types, sources, effects and methods of solid waste management. Factors contributing to indiscriminate dumping of solid waste. The current solid waste management system does not provide a clear roadmap on the management of solid waste as evidenced by piles of garbage lying uncollected in certain parts of major cities. The focus of this research is to investigate factors contributing to indiscriminate dumping of solid waste in bauleni township, lusaka. Acts of parliament post 1997 the solid waste regulation and management act, 2018. Where large quantities of dry waste are stored in hot climates this may. In zambia, the rate at which waste is generated is high. Waste management challenges in zimbabwe waste removals harare. The causes and effects of waste disposal on the school ambient environment and the residents of chingola. Efficient municipal solid waste management is an essential public service, which should benefit all urban residents.
Due to the poor management of the domestic waste from households, the following are some of the effects on the population and the environment. Management of domestic and laboratory waste water 53. Chapter 7 solid waste management european commission. The solid waste regulation and management bill, 2018. Kenya, which is one of the most populated countries on the african continent, formulated a waste management regulation plan in 2006. This will enhance waste reduction, recycling, transportation and adequate final disposal of health care waste. Its effects increase the risk of adverse health effects in humans and animals. Chemical analyses were carried out on water samples collected at various radial distances from the boundary of the dumping yard, at intervals of 3 months and for a period of 3 years. Environmental management agency zema in the management of health care waste in zambia. Neighbors of landfills often complain of the smell that emanates from them, and this is one of the reasons that proposals for new landfills are frequently opposed by neighbors of. The effects of such health hazards are difficult to quantify because of limited epidemiological studies. This will contribute to the body of knowledge to both health professionals and educators in zambia.
As long as liumans have been living in settled communities, solid waste, or garbage, has been an issue, and modern societies generate far more solid waste than early humans ever did. Since the colonial era, solid waste management in urban areas has been regarded as a public goods or service whereby the government has the duty to provide the solid waste management. Factors contributing to indiscriminate dumping of solid. Waste is part of the agenda of the european environment and health process and included among the topics of the sixth ministerial conference on environment and health. Solid waste management and health effects emma selin. Polythene waste is dumped in all available land space in the city and they end up entering the soil after some time. The effect of living in an unhygienic and untidy environment may lead people to. Solid waste is a major consequence of development and modernization, yet waste management constitutes one of the most immediate and serious environmental problems facing governments in. Solid waste management is a severe challenge in developing countries like ethiopia due to the growing mixture of waste characteristics and deficiency of operational application of dependable waste. Municipal solid waste management mswm system in east africa has changed from the colonial days in. Ccp has placed specific emphasis on tackling the solid waste issues affecting jamaicas major resort areas ocho rios, negril and montego bay. Pdf impact of solid waste on health and the environment.
The impact of poor municipal solid waste management practices. At a global level, applying the 3 rs to solid waste management can reduce energy use which will reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Nov, 2007 in this study, the quality of ground water around a municipal solid waste disposal site in chennai was investigated. Solid waste management is a challenge for the cities authorities in developing countries mainly due to the increasing generation of waste, the burden posed on the municipal budget as a result of the high costs associated to its management, the lack of understanding over a diversity of factors that affect the different stages of waste management and linkages necessary to. Additionally, all other stakeholders should be involved for effective management of health care waste management. Rats, flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches, pigs, birds and other disease vectors breed in open dumps, waste storage facilities, piles of rotten refuse etc. Garbage dumps and decomposed waste helps many harmful species to breed in them. Majura 198 23rd wedc conference durban, south africa, 1997 refuse management problems in lusaka, zambia p. Poor waste management is increasingly becoming a big problem in many cities in subsahara africa and kyazanga is no exception.